Saturday, March 3, 2012

News and Events - 04 Mar 2012




02.03.2012 17:24:00

More than 5,000 lawsuits have been initiated related to faulty hip replacements in the United States, but the frightening thing is that the flawed device came to market because of a regulatory loophole.

The Food and Drug Administration allows devices to come to market without testing on patients if the manufacturer can show there’s a "predicate," a similar device that was approved earlier.

But what if that predicate was pulled from the market when its maker realized it had flaws? Doesn’t matter.

A voluntary recall, not a recall by the FDA, allows the design to be picked up by other manufacturers and survive as a repeat offender. That means the new device maker can sail onto the market — with the wind of a bad product at its back.

Now, House Democrats have proposed a bill to deal with the loophole that allows these faulty designs a second life. It gives the FDA the power to reject devices that are based on flawed designs recalled by manufacturers. It’s a sensible response that places consumer safety first.

In addition to endangering consumers, the loophole undermines the FDA’s credibility. The agency’s safety designation should be above reproach.

Already, medical representatives say the bill is overkill, another regulation to burden manufacturers. But an FDA official who oversees medical devices says the change could make approvals easier, shortening the negotiations about questionable designs. And makers of the new device would have the opportunity to show how earlier errors had been corrected, or no longer relevant.

That’s fair for both seller and buyer. Consumers shouldn’t have to endure the pain and cost of replacing devices that have the same DNA as Brand X.

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03.03.2012 23:05:37

Submitted by Brandon Smith from
Alt-Market

Americans Will Need “Black Markets” To Survive


As Americans, we live in two worlds; the world of mainstream fantasy, and the world of day-to-day reality right outside our front doors.  One disappears the moment we shut off our television.  The other, does not… 

When dealing with the economy, it is the foundation blocks that remain when the proverbial house of cards flutters away in the wind, and these basic roots are what we should be most concerned about.  While much of what we see in terms of economic news is awash in a sticky gray cloud of disinformation and uneducated opinion, there are still certain constants that we can always rely on to give us a sense of our general financial environment.  Two of these constants are supply and demand.  Central banks like the private Federal Reserve may have the ability to flood markets with fiat liquidity to skew indexes and stocks, and our government certainly has the ability to interpret employment numbers in such a way as to paint the rosiest picture possible, but ultimately, these entities cannot artificially manipulate the public into a state of demand when they are, for all intents and purposes, dead broke. 

In contrast, the establishment does have the ability to make specific demands or necessities illegal to possess, and can even attempt to restrict their supply.  Though, in most cases this leads not to the control they seek, but a sudden and sharp loss of regulation through the growth of covert trade.  The people need what the people need, and no government, no matter how titanic, can stop them from getting these commodities when demand is strong enough.

This process of removing necessary or desirable items from a trade environment leads inevitably to counter-prohibition often in the form of strict cash transactions, barter markets, or “black markets” as they are normally derided by those in power.  The problem for economic totalitarians is that the harder they squeeze the masses, the more intricate the rebellion becomes, especially when all they want is to participate in free markets the way our forefathers intended. 

The so called “drug war” is proof positive of the impossibility of locking down a product, especially one that has no moral bearing on the people who are involved in its use.  Only when a considerable majority of a populace can be convinced of the inherent immoral nature of an illicit item can its trade finally be squelched.  During any attempt to outlaw a form of commerce, a steady stream of informants convinced of their service to the “greater good” is required for success.  Dishonorable governments, therefore, do not usually engage in direct confrontation with black markets.  Instead, they seek to encourage the public to view trade outside mainstream legal standards as “taboo”.  They must condition us to react with guilt or misplaced righteousness in the face of black market activity, and associate its conduct as dangerous and destructive to the community, turning citizens into an appendage of the bureaucratic eye.

But, what happens when black markets, due to calamity, become a pillar of survival for a society?  What happens when the mainstream economy no longer meets the available demand?  What happens when this condition has been deliberately engineered by the power structure to hasten cultural desperation and dependence?

In this event, black markets not only sustain a nation through times of weakness, but they also become a form of revolution; a method for fighting back against the centralization of oppressive oligarchies and diminishing their ability to bottleneck important resources.  Black markets are a means of fighting back, and are as important as any weapon in the battle for liberty.  Here are just a few reasons why such organizational actions may be required in the near future…

The Mainstream Economy Is Slowly Killing Us

There are, unfortunately, some Americans out there who have not caught on yet to the grave circumstances in which we live.  Obviously, the stock market seems to have nearly recovered from its epic collapse in 2008 and 2009, and employment, according to the Labor Department, is on the mend.  The numbers say it all, right?  Wrong!  The numbers say very little, especially when they are a product of “creative mathematics”.

Despite the extreme spike in the Dow Jones since 2010, and all the talk of recovery, what the mainstream rarely mentions are the details surrounding this miraculous return from the dead for stocks. 

One of the most important factors to consider when gauging the health of the markets is “volume”; the amount of shares being traded and the amount of investors active on any given business day.  Since the very beginning of the Dow’s meteoric rise, the markets have been stricken with undeniably low volume interspersed with all too brief moments of activity.  In fact, this past January recorded the lowest NYSE volume since 1999:

http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-01-23/stock-trading-is-lowest-in-u-s-since-2008.html

Market volume has tumbled over 20% since last year, and is down over 50% from 2008 when the debt implosion began:


http://blogs.wsj.com/marketbeat/2012/02/24/trading-volume-anemic-this-year/

So then, if trade is sinking, why has the Dow jumped to nearly 13,000?  Low volume is the key.  In a low volume market, less individual investors are present to counteract the buying and selling of larger players, like international banks.  When this happens, the big boys are able to trigger market spikes, or market drops, literally at will.  Add to this the high probability that much of the stimulus that the Federal Reserve has regurgitated into the ether probably ended up in the coffers of corporate banks which then used the funny money to snap up equities, and presto!  Instant market rally!  But, a rally that is illusory and unstable.

Improving employment numbers are yet another financial hologram.  As most of us in the Liberty Movement are well aware, the Labor Department does not calculate true unemployment in the U.S.  Instead, it merely calculates those people who currently receive unemployment benefits.  Once a person hits the extension limit (99 weeks in many states on his benefits, he is removed from the rolls, and is no longer counted in the “official” unemployment percentage.  While Barack Obama and MSM pundits are quick to point out the drop in jobless to 8.3%, what they conveniently fail to mention is that MILLIONS of Americans have been unemployed for so long that they have been removed from the statistics entirely, and this condition is what has caused the primary fall in jobless percentages, not burgeoning business growth.

Roughly 11 million Americans who are jobless have nonetheless been excluded from the statistical government tally because of a loss of benefits:

http://dailycaller.com/2012/02/17/white-house-economic-report-hides-sharp-drop-in-number-of-working-americans/

According to the Congressional Budget Office, over 40% of the currently unemployed have been so for over 6 months.  It also points out that America is suffering the worst case of long term unemployment since the Great Depression:   


http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/attachments/02-16-Unemployment.pdf

More than 10.5 million people in the U.S. also receive disability payments, which automatically removes them from the unemployment count, making it seem as though jobs are being created, rather than lost:


http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2012/02/19/report-millions-jobless-file-for-disability-when-unemployment-benefits-run-out/

Around 8.2 million Americans only work part time, meaning they work less hours than are generally considered to be necessary for self-support.  These people are still counted as “employed” even if they work a few hours a week.

True unemployment, according to John Williams of Shadowstats, is hovering near 23%:


http://www.shadowstats.com/alternate_data/unemployment-charts

Combine these circumstances with the ever weakening dollar, price inflation in foods and other commodities, and rocketing energy costs, and you have an economy that is strangling the life out of the middle-class and the poor in this country.  It is only a matter of time before the populace begins searching for alternative means of subsistence, even if that entails “illegal” activities.

Government Cracking Down On Freedom Of Trade

I was recently walking through the parking lot of a grocery store and ran into a group of women huddled intently around the back of a mini-van.  One of the women was reaching into a cooler and handing out glass containers filled with milk.  I approached to ask if she was selling raw milk, and if so, how much was she charging.  Of course, they turned startled and wide eyed as if I had just stumbled upon their secret opium ring.  Somehow it had slipped my mind how ferocious the FDA has become when tracking down raw milk producers.  The fact that these women were absolutely terrified of being caught with something as innocuous as MILK was disturbing to me.  How could we as a society allow this insanity on the part of our government to continue? 

That moment reminded me of the utter irrelevance of petty law, as well as the determination of human beings to defy such law. 

The Orwellian hammer has been thrust in the face of those who trade in raw milk, organic produce, and herbal supplements, while small businesses are annihilated by government dues and red tape.  In the meantime, law enforcement officials have been sent strapped to shut down children’s lemonade stands (no, seriously : 


http://www.cbsnews.com/2100-500164_162-20079838.html

Government legislation which would give the FDA jurisdiction over personal gardens has been fielded.  Retail gold and silver purchases of over $600 are now tracked and taxed.  The IRS even believes it has the right to tax barter exchanges, even though they do not explain how bartered goods could be legally qualified as “income”, or how they can conceive of ever being able to trace such private trade:

http://www.irs.gov/newsroom/article/0,,id=205581,00.html

Want to choose what kind of currency you would like to use to protect your buying power?  Not if  the Department Of Justice’s Anne Tompkins has anything to say about it. After the railroading of Liberty Dollar founder Bernard von NotHaus, she stated:


“Attempts to undermine the legitimate currency of this country are simply a unique form of domestic terrorism…”


“While these forms of anti-government activities do not involve violence, they are every bit as insidious and represent a clear and present danger to the economic stability of this country,” she added. “We are determined to meet these threats through infiltration, disruption, and dismantling of organizations which seek to challenge the legitimacy of our democratic form of government.”

http://www.fbi.gov/charlotte/press-releases/2011/defendant-convicted-of-minting-his-own-currency

As our economic situation grows increasingly precarious in this country, more and more people will turn towards localized non-corporate, non-mainstream business methods and products.  And, the government will no doubt attempt to greatly restrict or tax these alternatives.  This mentality is driven in part by their insatiable appetite for money, but mostly, it’s about domination.  They do what they do because they fear decentralized markets, and the ability of the citizenry to conceive of choices outside the system.  Slaves are not supposed to choose the economy they will participate in…

A “black market” is only a trade dynamic that the government disapproves of, and the government disapproves of most things these days.  Frankly, its time to stop worrying about what Washington D.C. consents to.  They have unfailingly demonstrated through rhetoric and action that they are not interested in the fiscal or social health of this nation, and so, we must take matters into our own hands. 

Black Market Advantages

If the events in EU nations such as Greece, Spain, and Italy are any indication, the U.S., with its massive debt to GDP ratio (real debt includes entitlement programs , is looking at one of two possible scenarios:  default, austerity measures, and high taxes, or, hyperinflation, and then default, austerity measures, and high taxes.  In the past we have mentioned barter networking and alternative market programs springing up in countries like Greece and Spain allowing the people to cope with the faltering economy.  Much of this trade is done away from the watchful eyes of government, simply because they cannot afford the gnashing buffalo-sized bites that bureaucrats would take from their savings in the process.  When a government goes rogue, and causes the people harm, the people are in no way obligated to continue supporting that government. 

Black markets give the citizenry a means to protest the taxation of a government that no longer represents them.  In a country stricken with austerity, these networks allow the public to thrive without having to pay for the mistakes or misdeeds of political officials and corporate swindlers.  In a hyperinflationary environment, black markets (or barter markets that have been deemed unlawful , can be used to supplant the imploding fiat currency altogether, and energize community markets that would otherwise be unable to function.  Ultimately, black markets feed and clothe the grassroots movement towards economic responsibility, and every man and woman with any sense of independence should rally around this resource with the intention to fight should it ever be threatened. 

“Legality” is arbitrary in the face of inherent conscience, or what some call “natural law”.  Without arbitrary legality, and unjust and unwarranted regulation, many federal alphabet agencies would not exist, including the FDA, the IRS, the EPA, the BLM, etc.  These institutions do not matter.  What they say has no meaning.  What matters is what is honorable, what is factual, and what is right.  Our loyalty, as Americans, is to our principles and our heritage.  Beyond that, we don’t owe anyone anything.  A black market in one place and time is a legitimate market in another.  For now, private localized trade is able to flow with only minor interference, but there will come a day when even the most practical and harmless personal transactions will be visited with administrative reproach and vitriol.  Alternative market champions will be accused of “extremism”, and undermining the mainstream economy.  We will be vilified as separatists, isolationists, terrorists, and traitors.  I believe it will be far more surreal than what we can possibly imagine now.  

They are welcome to call us whatever they like.  Honestly……who cares?  Let the paper pushers do their angry little dance.  The goal is freedom; in life, in politics, and in trade.    If we do not change how this country does business ourselves, the results will be far more frightening than any government agent at our doorstep, and the costs will be absolute…

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/guest-post-americans-will-need-%E2%80%9Cblack-markets%E2%80%9D-survive#comments

Thursday, March 1, 2012

News and Events - 02 Mar 2012




29.02.2012 0:58:00

Media_https1reutersme_fqkpq

By Aleksandar Vasovic and Ben Hirschler
BELGRADE | Wed Feb 29, 2012 3:13am IST
(Reuters - According to a signal from the electronic tag around his ankle, Nenad Borojevic last left his apartment building at 6.25 p.m. on January 10. It was the festive season in Serbia; the capital was enjoying the lull between Orthodox Christmas and New Year.

Police said Borojevic, a doctor, headed to Kosutnjak park, a popular wooded area in Belgrade dotted with restaurants and criss-crossed by jogging paths.

Borojevic had been one of Serbia's most eminent doctors, a director of the Institute for Oncology and Radiology. Now he was due in court in five days to face charges brought by the public prosecutor that he had taken bribes from international drug companies as incentives to use their products. The electronic tag was a condition of his 500,000 euro ($660,000 bail.

The next day, around noon, a passer-by found Borojevic hanging from a tree on a nylon rope five millimeters thick. Police found a suicide note in the mailbox of his wife, from whom he was separated. It had been sent from a local post office. "I couldn't take it anymore," it said.

Borojevic's story, some of which emerges here for the first time, is a particularly gruesome example of what even people in the global drugs business concede is a growing problem: bribery and corruption in emerging markets. The 51-year-old cancer specialist was one of a group of 10 Serbia-based doctors and drug company officials charged in 2010 with taking, or offering, more than 500,000 euros in bribes to persuade the medics to use specific products. The doctors are alleged to have personally gained from the choice of medicines used; the drug company representatives with illegally offering the incentives.

In recent years, Big Pharma has forked out billions of dollars to settle scandals involving improper promotion of medicines in the United States. Now bribes paid to foreign doctors and other state employees are shaping up as the next major legal liability threat for the industry. A Reuters examination of U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC filings by the world's top 10 drug companies has found that eight of them recently warned of potential costs related to charges of corruption in overseas markets.

One factor driving the trend is a search for new business. Companies whose profit margins have been squeezed in the developed world are increasingly turning to thinly regulated emerging markets for growth. At the same time, U.S. and European governments are toughening up on bribes paid by companies overseas. The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and Britain's new Bribery Act, which came into force last July, are both targeting drugs companies for special scrutiny, providing new impetus for the industry to clean up its act.

"There's clearly a legal risk from violating laws with the current drive into emerging markets, so mis-selling cases in these markets could become a significant legal threat for the industry," said Chris Stirling, European sector leader for pharmaceuticals at KPMG in London. "The business practices in these countries are very different from the sort you find in Western Europe and the United States."

Borojevic's suicide - police have ruled out foul play - means certain aspects of his case, which is being investigated at a national level, may never be known. The trial of the other men and women in the group is continuing. All the defendants have pleaded not guilty, though one of the six drug company representatives involved agreed a plea bargain and another turned witness for the prosecution.

Emerging markets to drive pharma growth: link.reuters.com/ryw76s

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OPERATION CRAB

The probe of Borojevic, which police called Operation Crab, started with a tip-off in March 2007, according to a police source involved in the investigation.

At a later point, police received information from a former mistress of one of the accused, the investigator said, declining to name her. "After they broke up, she came to us and recited everything - names, places, contacts, how they operated, how much everyone received and from whom, when and where," said the investigator. "She even gave us some concrete evidence which helped us a great deal."

Some of Serbia's tabloid media said the informant was a former Serbian model, Katarina Rebraca, who herself, in a separate case, had in April 2010 faced charges of embezzling funds at a breast cancer charity she ran. Borojevic, the doctor, had been called as a witness for the prosecution against her, although he died before testifying.

Rebraca declined to comment. Her lawyer, Dragan Mrakovic, said: "It is not in the best interest of my client to give any information whatsoever" about the Borojevic case. "This has nothing to do with my client's case, nor does my client have anything to do with the pharmaceutical corruption case."

The informant led police to a rented apartment in Medakovic, a neighborhood of communist-era apartment blocks and family homes in Belgrade. Here a group of doctors and drugs company sales representatives would allegedly meet and hold "raunchy, loud parties with Belgrade babes, three or four times a week," said the police investigator. It was not possible to confirm who had rented the apartment.

In June 2010 police arrested Borojevic: the charges against him and four colleagues included running a criminal conspiracy in cancer drugs from 2007 to 2009. The indictment said that the alleged scheme, whereby drug company representatives gave inducements to the doctors to use their companies' products, had increased sales of a number of generic chemotherapy medicines as well as branded cancer medicines including Roche Holding AG's Avastin and Erbitux, made by Merck KGaA of Germany.

For Borojevic, the alleged gains were significant, especially in a country whose GDP per capita the IMF puts at just $6,500 a year. In total, he was accused of receiving a total of 11.2 million dinars ($138,000 in kickbacks from drug companies.

Officials at drugs companies AstraZeneca Plc, Sanofi SA and Actavis confirmed they were served in July and August 2011 with criminal indictments related to allegedly improper payments to physicians including Borojevic at his state-run institute, and said they had filed certain procedural objections. Icelandic pharmaceutical company Actavis gave the most expansive statement: "The allegations include bribery of state officials in order to obtain preferential status when it comes to the sale of oncology products in Serbia," said the company, which moved its headquarters to Zug, Switzerland in 2011.

All declined further comment on the proceedings. Also charged with alleged bribery in the case were representatives of Roche, Merck KGaA and PharmaSwiss - a unit of Canada's Valeant Pharmaceuticals International Inc - all of whom declined to comment.

REPS TAKE THE RAP

In one instance, the police allege, Borojevic and his colleague Zoran Bekic, head of the Institute for Oncology and Radiology's pediatric oncology ward, received 95,000 euros from Goran Orlic, a representative for Actavis. Orlic allegedly paid the men for inside information about its business plans.

The Actavis representative received immunity from prosecution in exchange for his testimony ahead of the trial, the court said in a statement. Actavis said Orlic left the company in 2009. Neither Bekic, the pediatrician, or his lawyer would comment. Orlic could not be reached.

Another of those charged was Merck KGaA's representative, Jasmina Gutovic. She reached a plea bargain with prosecutors and admitted giving bribes, according to the judge who heard her case. While Gutovic was convicted, the court will not say what punishment she received while the rest of the case is being heard. Merck KGaA confirmed she left the company in June 2011 and she could not be reached for comment.

The indictment against Borojevic also states that he and colleagues did a deal with unnamed drug company sales staff to develop "new therapeutic applications" using their companies' drugs, as a way of further boosting sales of the products. In the months before his death, Borojevic was portrayed in Serbian media as a poisoner of children, based on suggestions in the media that he had overprescribed.

Borojevic was released on bail in November 2011. He repeatedly denied all the charges against him, saying he was the victim of a media witch hunt. "Nothing is true from the indictment," he said in a statement in May 2011.

His lawyer, Strahinja Kastratovic, said that the day before Borojevic killed himself, he had learned the apartment he had bought with his estranged wife would be seized by the court. "He said, 'I can't take this anymore, I don't know how to fight this or against whom I'm supposed to be fighting,'" said Kastratovic. He declined to elaborate.

TEMPTATIONS INCREASE

Corruption is rife in Serbia, which is ranked 86th out of 183 countries in Berlin-based Transparency International's corruption perceptions index. The drugs business is particularly exposed to corruption, Transparency International says: pharmaceuticals create vast opportunities for graft across both rich and poor countries. Its 2011 Bribe Payers' Index ranks pharmaceuticals and healthcare 13th out of 19 industries on probity - a lower ranking than defense firms, though above mining and construction.

"There are a number of classic red flags for bribery that indicate the pharma sector is particularly vulnerable," says Robert Barrington, TI's director of external affairs. These include a tradition of gifts and hospitality, a lack of transparency over pricing and the need for regulatory approval in everything.

In many parts of the world lavish gifts such as all-expenses-paid trips to resorts and golf days remain common, even though the industry has reined in such hospitality in the United States.

Temptations may increase as companies move into the developing world. IMS Health, which analyses pharmaceutical industry trends, says 17 key emerging markets will account for around 63 percent of worldwide growth in prescription drug sales between 2010 and 2015.

"It is almost guaranteed that every multinational pharmaceutical company is going to end up with these issues and is going to have to go through a painful experience," says one in-house lawyer at a major U.S. drugmaker. "Frankly, the odds are stacked against companies."

'NOT ETHICAL, BUT UNIVERSAL'

The Serbian charges and claims of corruption extend beyond Borojevic and his colleagues. In his defense, Borojevic always insisted that he could not approve drug purchases alone, but passed on recommendations to the state-run Department of Health Insurance. That itself is the target of other, unrelated corruption charges brought by the public prosecutor against its former head, Svetlana Vukajlovic, who has been in pre-trial detention since September 2011.

An example from another Balkan country, Greece, underlines how ingrained such practices can be. Earlier this month, London-based Smith & Nephew Plc, Europe's biggest maker of artificial knees and hips, agreed to pay $22 million to settle SEC allegations that it bribed doctors in Greece to use its products. Among documents the SEC released as part of the dossier was a note jotted down in 1999 by an unnamed in-house lawyer for the company.

"Pay surgeon to use prod(uct ," it read. "Not legal or ethic; but universal."

In that case, the company's Greek distributor sent an email to the firm's U.S.-based head of international sales seeking to maintain access to one of the slush funds used to pay doctors to buy S&N products: "I absolutely need this fund to promote my sales with surgeons, at a time when competition offers substantially higher rates," he wrote. The fund's "only reason for being is the need for cash incentives, a real pain in the neck but an unavoidable fact of Greek life."

S&N CEO Olivier Bohuon, who took office in 2011, long after the alleged bribery occurred, said the company had moved on but the episode showed the need to remain vigilant.

Over the past year eight of the world's top 10 drugmakers - Pfizer Inc, Novartis AG, Merck & Co Inc, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline Plc, Johnson & Johnson and Eli Lilly & Co - have all warned that they may face liabilities related to charges of corruption in numerous overseas markets.

Investigations into potential wrongdoing by pharmaceutical firms cover activities in countries including Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Poland, Russia and Saudi Arabia, according to company filings. They also involve possible improper conduct of clinical trials, which are increasingly being run in lower-cost Asian or East European countries.

(For a report, see link.reuters.com/kyp76s .

'JUST SAY NO'

One reason such cases are surfacing now is the renewed vigor with which U.S. officials have enforced its foreign corruption law since November 2009. That's when U.S. assistant attorney-general Lanny Breuer told a pharmaceutical conference: "We will be intensely focused on rooting out foreign bribery in your industry."

The 1977 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act makes it illegal for U.S. companies and foreign firms whose stock is traded in the United States to bribe government officials in foreign countries. Officials at the U.S. SEC and Department of Justice (DOJ declined to say if they planned to follow the Serbian probe with their own investigations.

Some drug firms have already started to come clean. In the first case of its kind, Johnson & Johnson settled for $78 million with U.S. and British authorities in April last year, after disclosing voluntarily to U.S. authorities back in 2007 that it had made payments to doctors in Poland, Romania and Greece who chose to use J&J medicines and surgical implants.

Pfizer, which in 2004 became the first pharmaceutical company to volunteer information about past wrongdoings to the DOJ and the SEC, is likely to be the next big firm to settle. The world's biggest drugmaker, it reached an agreement in principle with U.S. authorities towards the end of last year and is set to finalize a deal during the first half of 2012, according to people familiar with the discussions.

Under U.S. and British law, the onus is on a corporation to report improper behavior by either its own staff or outside contractors. In some cases, this has already meant radical change. AstraZeneca, for example, said last May it was ending all payments to doctors attending international scientific and medical congresses.

"I know that this is not easy," Chief Executive David Brennan told a conference at the time. "I know from my own experience as a sales representative, you will encounter people who will ask for gifts, or other inducements. And they will threaten to take their business elsewhere, if you don't acquiesce. But we have made it clear that our sales force have to say no."

(Aleksandar Vasovic reported from Belgrade, Ben Hirschler from London; Edited by Sara Ledwith and Simon Robinson

(For PDF: link.reuters.com/xaz76s

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2012-02-28 11:03:43
A new study finds that people who take certain commonly prescribed sleeping pills have a five-fold increased risk of death, even among those taking fewer than 18 doses a year. And these drugs are also linked to a significantly increased risk of cancer among those taking high doses, the study, published in the journal BMJ Open, shows. The study, analyzing 10,500 people who took a wide-range of sleeping pills including zolpidem, diazepam and tamazepam, found that the top third of sleeping pill users had a 5.3-fold higher death risk and also had a 35 percent higher risk of cancer. And people who were on higher doses of tamazepam were six times as likely to die in the next 30 months, the study found. “We are not certain. But it looks like sleeping pills could be as risky as smoking cigarettes. It looks much more dangerous to take these pills than to treat insomnia another way,” study leader Daniel F. Kripke, MD, told WebMD. The sleeping pills in question are known as hypnotics and include such brands as Ambien and Restoril. Hypnotic sleeping pills actually cause a person to fall asleep. This is in contrast to other sleeping aids, such as melatonin, which promote sleep through relaxation. Kripke and colleagues said other dangerous hypnotic sleeping aids include Lunesta, Sonata, Halcion, and Dalmane. Kripke, retired professor of psychiatry at the University of California, San Diego, began studying the effects sleeping pills have on the risk of death in 1975. Since then, he has co-published 18 studies finding links between the two. In the latest study, Kripke and colleagues analyzed data from a large Pennsylvania health system from between 2002 and 2007. They obtained medical records for 10,529 people who used prescribed hypnotic sleeping pills and for 23,676 matched patients who were never prescribed sleeping pills. Over an average of 2.5 years, the death rate for those who did not use sleeping pills was 1.2 percent. For those who were prescribed sleeping pills the death rate climbed to 6.1 percent. And after taking into account factors likely to influence the results - including age, sex, weight, lifestyle, ethnicity and previously diagnosed cancer - the study’s results pointed to a 3.6-fold higher death rate in those who only took 18 or fewer doses. Based on their findings, Kripke and colleagues estimate that sleeping pills are linked to between 320,000 and 507,000 US deaths each year. “We think these sleeping pills are very dangerous. We think they cause death. We think they cause cancers,” said Kripke. “It is possible but not proven that reducing the use of these pills would lower the U.S. death rate.” The associations of increased death risk was found in every age group, but were greatest among those aged 18 to 55. Supplemental material published alongside the paper showed that, although the overall numbers of deaths in each group were quite small, there were clear differences among them. For example, there were 265 deaths among 4,336 people taking zolpidem, compared with 295 deaths among the 23,671 people who had not taken sedatives or sleeping pills. Kripke pointed out that studies showing association do not necessarily prove cause and effect, however. But the findings do back up previous research showing an increased risk of death among sleeping pill users, he added. “The meager benefits of hypnotics [sleeping pills], as critically reviewed by groups without financial interest, would not justify substantial risks,” wrote Kripke. “A consensus is developing that cognitive-behavioral therapy of chronic insomnia may be more successful than hypnotics.” Sleeping pills are thought to also increase risk of depression and can impair driving skills. Kripke has passed the study findings on to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA , the watchdog to the US pharmaceutical industry. The authors of the study said their findings, together with similar findings in previous studies, should be used by authorities to re-assess whether even modest doses of sleeping pills are safe. “Although the authors have not been able to prove that sleeping pills cause premature death, their analyses have ruled out a wide range of other possible causative factors,” wrote Dr Trish Groves, editor in chief of BMJ Open. “So these findings raise important concerns and questions about the safety of sedatives and sleeping pills.” National Health Service (NHS guidelines recommend zolpidem should only be used at the lowest possible dose and for a maximum of up to four weeks. Zaleplon should only be used at the lowest possible dose and for a maximum of up to two weeks, while temazepam should be taken for a maximum of four weeks. Most of those in Kripke’s study were taking Ambien or Restoril. Sanofi-Aventis, the maker of Ambien, noted that Kripke’s study had a number of faults. “Ambien has more than 17 years of real-world experience and is safe and effective when prescribed and taken according to its labeling,” Sanofi told WebMD in a statement. “Ambien should be prescribed in strict adherence to its labeling and patients should take their medication as prescribed. The Ambien labeling carries specific warnings against driving and against intake of alcohol together with Ambien.” And although experts note the Kripke study certainly raises concerns, they said it does not prove that sleeping pills kill. This “very provocative and interesting study raises a lot of questions,” Nancy Collop, MD, president of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and director of the Sleep Center at Emory University School of Medicine, told WebMD. “You cannot assume, just because you find this kind of association, that hypnotics are killing people,” she said. “People who go on sleeping pills are a sicker population. I know they tried to control for that, but these people simply are not as healthy.” Michael Yurcheshen, MD, head of the sleep fellowship program and assistant professor of neurology at the University of Rochester, NY, noted that much can be missed in a study that looks back at medical records rather than at the patients themselves. “It is implausible to think that so many of these medications, spread across several different drug classes, could have the same biological effects,” Yurcheshen told WebMD. Yet, both Collop and Yurcheshen praise Kripke for raising the issue of sleeping pill dangers. “One part of the Kripke study I really did like is when they point out that part of the problem with hypnotics is they are really best for people with acute, short episodes of insomnia,” Yurcheshen said. “Very few insomnia drugs are approved for long-term daily use. And so it is fair to say that the long-term safety of these drugs has never been explored for use in that way.” Collop said she is torn on the issue of whether hypnotics are “good or bad.” She noted that it can be harmful to be dependent on hypnotic sleeping pills for a long period of time. But they can be very helpful to those who are having great difficulty in falling asleep for some specific reason. She noted that sleeping pills are mainly short-term use aids. “So the ideal patient would be someone with a very high stress level for some reason, such as the recent loss of loved one or a divorce, or for a traveler adjusting to a new time zone. This should be for a limited time period and only as needed, not on a nightly basis. In such situations these drugs are appropriate and effective,” she told WebMD. Kripke, colleagues and the experts all agree that a form of short-term psychotherapy -- cognitive behavioral therapy -- is surprisingly effective for people with chronic insomnia. Collop says it’s time to see a sleep specialist if you have tried sleeping pills and they don’t work anymore. Looking for another brand of sleeping pill will not work. Nina Barnett, spokesperson for the Royal Pharmaceutical Society told The Telegraph: “This is an important study and although it is unlikely to radically change prescribing in the immediate term, it should raise awareness and remind both patients and prescribers to the potential risks of sedative use for insomnia.” “The association between mortality and sedation is not new and this research tells us is that people who took these medicines were more likely to die than people who didn’t take them. However it does not mean that the deaths were caused by the medicine,” she added. “Patients should not stop taking any prescribed medicines straight away. If you are concerned about your medicines discuss this with your pharmacist or Doctor about other ways of getting help with sleep problems so you don’t have to use medicines.” --- On the Net:



01.03.2012 1:02:45
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 29 -- Two new studies confirm that the new drug ruxolitinib can help people with the rare bone marrow disorder called myelofibrosis. While the drug, marketed in the United States under the brand name Jakafi, won't cure...



01.03.2012 17:24:09
Four operating companies will provide integrated solutions across various treatment delivery platforms: branded pharmaceuticals, generic drugs, medical devices and services CHADDS FORD, Pa., March 1, 2012 -- Endo (Nasdaq: ENDP , a diversified...



2012-03-01 10:10:56
US District Judge Richard Leon sided with tobacco companies on Wednesday, ruling that regulations requiring large graphic health warnings on cigarette packaging and advertising violate free speech rights under the US Constitution, reports Wendy Koch for USA Today. Leon continued, writing that the requirement would “violate the First Amendment by unconstitutionally compelling speech.” The decision conflicts with a January 2010 ruling by US District Court Judge Joseph McKinley, that upheld the labels’ legality and is expected to end up at the steps of the US Supreme Court for a final decision. In 2009, Congress gave authority to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA to regulate tobacco and approved nine graphic warnings that tobacco makers could rotate on cigarette packs beginning in September. The tobacco products images would include prominent images of rotting teeth, diseased lungs and a corpse with chest staples on an autopsy table. The images, which would cover the top half of the front and back of each pack. In the 19-page ruling, Judge Leon argued that, while educating the public about the dangers of smoking, “might be compelling, an interest in simply advocating that the public not purchase a legal product is not.” Further, Leon said the government has numerous other tools at its disposal to deter smoking such as raising cigarette taxes or including simple factual information on the labels rather than gruesome images, Jeremy Pelofsky reported for Reuters. Matthew Myers of the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids said Leon’s ruling that the “graphic images are neither factual nor accurate” is “incomprehensible,” arguing that smoking causes fatal lung disease, cancer and heart disease. Reynolds American Inc’s R.J. Reynolds unit, Lorillard Inc, Liggett Group, Commonwealth Brands, which is owned by Britain’s Imperial Tobacco Group, and Santa Fe Natural Tobacco challenged the rule, arguing it would force them to engage in anti-smoking advocacy against their own legal products. “We believe governments, public health officials, tobacco manufacturers and others share a responsibility to provide tobacco consumers with accurate information about the various health risks associated with smoking,” said Martin Holton, general counsel for R.J. Reynolds. “However, the goal of informing the public about the risks of tobacco use can and should be accomplished consistent with the US Constitution,” Holton added in a company statement. --- On the Net:



dflynn@foodsafetynews.com (Dan Flynn
29.02.2012 12:59:02
America's biggest cantaloupe fields are found in central California -- 1,300 miles away from the area of Colorado where a small, seasonal crop last year became contaminated with deadly Listeria.
But California and Arizona cantaloupe markets were devastated after those Colorado Rocky Ford-brand cantaloupes contaminated with Listeria were distributed to 28 states, infecting 146 people and causing at least 33 deaths. 
Half the cantaloupe market disappeared almost overnight, adding millions lost by these Central Valley growers to the toll.
Now with the April growing season rapidly approaching, changes being proposed by the California Cantaloupe Advisory Board are being rolled out during two public meetings in March.
The changes to the California Cantaloupe Program, the state's marketing order for cantaloupes, would make a more detailed food safety program part of the order.  The proposed changes will be mandatory.
They will require food safety audits to verify each cantaloupe handler is in compliance and impose disciplinary actions on those who do not comply.  The program will also be extended to cover cantaloupes grown anywhere in California, rather than just the Central Valley.
The changes will build on California's mandatory program of government inspection and quality certification for 100 percent of the cantaloupes shipped from the Central Valley.   Cantaloupes produced in this area of California have never been associated with a foodborne illness outbreak.
The California Department of Food and Agriculture is conducting the public hearings, which are scheduled for March 8 in El Centro, and March 12 in Fresno. 
The meetings were called at the request of the California Cantaloupe Advisory Board.
The El Centro meeting March 8 will be held at the Imperial County Farm Bureau Offices at 1000 Broadway at 2 p.m. The Fresno meeting March 12 will be held at the Ramada Inn at 324 East Shaw at 10:30 a.m.
Additionally, written comments received at the Marketing Branch of the CDFA by March 6 will be accepted  and put into the hearing record. For more information, contact CDFA's Glenn Yost at 916-900-5018.
After those California meetings, the national cantaloupe industry also has four regional meetings planned to develop national guidelines for improved cantaloupe safety.
The first two meetings will be held in Phoenix on March 29-30 and in Irvine, CA, at the Western Growers headquarters on April 26-27. 
Additional meetings will be held in the Southeast May 30-31 and Denver, June 20-21. The four regional meetings will be limited to growers, buyers, auditors, academic experts and regulators from state and federal agencies. Media briefings will be held when the meetings end.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA cited concern about cantaloupe safety in 2004.  Until last year's tragic Listeria outbreak, cantaloupe contamination usually involved various strains of Salmonella. 

News and Events - 29 Feb 2012




2012-02-28 08:18:25
Inadvertent prescription of gelatin-containing oral medication: Its acceptability to patientsA significant proportion of vegetarians and other patients with dietary preferences borne out of cultural/religious practices are unwittingly consuming animal gelatin in prescribed medicines, reveals research published online in Postgraduate Medical Journal. The findings prompt the authors to call for more comprehensive labeling of drug content and for vegetarian alternatives to animal gelatin to be used in manufacture. The active component of a medicine accounts for relatively little of the content; most is made up of "excipients," which include binders/fillers, disintegrants, lubricants, sweeteners, and coating agents. Gelatin is a commonly used coating agent, but is also used as a thickener in liquid and semisolid medicines, particularly in generic (non-branded medicines. The researchers surveyed 500 patients being treated for urinary/urological disorders in Manchester, a culturally diverse city in the north west of England. Previous research has shown that many specialist urology drugs contain gelatin, while roughly one in four Mancunians is of non-white ethnicity. The researchers wanted to know about the prevalence of dietary restrictions; the willingness to take medicines containing animal content; the preparedness to ask about the content of drugs; and the proportion refusing to take drugs they knew contained ingredients derived from animals. Two hundred patients stated they were not supposed to eat animal products. Over half (283; 56.5% were taking medicines, 75 of whom were taking a total of 87 different drugs. Most (88%; 176 of the 200 patients following a restricted diet said they would prefer to take medicines containing only vegetable products, only one in 10 said this didn't matter to them. Among the 176 with a stated preference, more than half (100; just under 57% said they would take a drug containing an animal product, if no other alternative was available. But the remainder (43% said they would not knowingly do so. Yet only one in five of those with a stated preference would have asked their doctor or pharmacist if the drug's content flouted their dietary requirements/beliefs. And half of the 49 men, who had been prescribed medicines containing gelatin, were taking these drugs in contravention of their stated dietary preference. "We already know that doctors are fairly ignorant about the issue of excipients in medication," write the authors, who conclude that their findings pose ethical quandaries for the entire profession. Around 10 million people were prescribed specialist urinary/urological drugs in 2009 in the UK, but this category of drugs accounts for only the 14th commonest class of prescription, they say. "[Gelatin content] is almost certainly a much bigger issue for the 860 million non-urological preparations prescribed in the UK each year, whose excipient content is not easily identified," they caution. Clearer content labeling, the adoption of a vegetarian symbol as is done for foodstuffs, and changes in the manufacturing process could all help patients make informed choices as well as promoting best practice in medical care, they suggest. --- On the Net:



28.02.2012 17:18:00

By Ben Hirschler 

   LONDON, Feb 28 (Reuters - How to measure medical corruption? Tuan Anh Nguyen, a researcher at Hanoi University of Pharmacy, believes informal payments to doctors are "a dominant factor" in high prices of the older off-patent drugs that make up the lion's share of prescriptions in many emerging markets. 

   After interviewing doctors, pharmaceutical companies, government officials and pharmacists in both the private and state hospital sectors, he concluded in a study published last year that around 40 percent of the drugs' price in Vietnam is typically spent on offering financial inducements to doctors. 

   "When I talk to colleagues in some other Asian countries they say the situation is the same," he told Reuters.

   His investigation broke down the different legal and illegal components that contribute to the cost of drugs in Vietnam, and found 40 to 60 percent of the final price could be spent to induce prescribers to use particular medicines, and to persuade procurement officers inside hospitals to buy them. The biggest share went to doctors. 

   Nguyen said the problem was worse with generic medicines sold by Asian companies, although his study did not name any firms. In Vietnam the price of these is sometimes even higher than that of the original branded product, in order to recoup payments made to doctors by drug companies trading these medicines. 

   But Western drug firms are not immune: pharmaceutical company representatives who spoke to Nguyen reported that doctors typically expect a commission of about 15 percent from European drug makers; the figure they look for from Asian producers is nearer 40 percent. 

   The study, which was presented at the International Conference for Improving Medicines in Antalya, Turkey, last October, found multinational companies tend to prohibit bribes, officially at least, although pressure to achieve sales targets often means representatives ignore this and give money to prescribers. 

   At other times, multinationals pay for one-off benefits like luxury holidays that would be prohibited under anti-kickback rules adopted by the drug industry in the United States. 

   Doctors surveyed said they took the cash and non-cash offers to make up for low salaries, and it was common for commissions from the pharmaceutical industry to become the main source of income for some physicians, leaving those reputable doctors who are determined to stay "clean" out in the cold. 

   It's a situation one foreign drug salesman says has turned the system upside down: "Now, the worse the doctors, the more money they have. It's ridiculous."  

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jandrews@foodsafetynews.com (James Andrews
28.02.2012 12:59:01
Among the list of food recalls in the Food and Drug Administration's weekly enforcement report from February 8, the agency published information on a Class I, farm-initiated recall of 228,360 pounds of curly leaf spinach due to samples testing positive for E. coli O157:H7.

While notable for its size alone, the 114-ton recall came under scrutiny from some food safety experts for an entirely different reason: More than two months passed between the time the recall occurred on December 31 and the time it was first publicized in the February 8  report.

On the surface, it seemed that a Class I recall -- those involving a product that could cause serious injury or death -- would have been made public as soon as it happened. Instead, this one appeared downplayed and -- to some -- downright stealthy.

In the weeks that have followed, the spinach incident has sparked a discussion about the circumstances under which recalls should or should not be made public. It's a decision that pits the benefits of public knowledge against the perils of public overreaction.
Disclosure or Discretion?

The recall in question, voluntarily issued by Texas-based Tiro Tres Farms, was never linked to any E. coli infections. Tiro Tres does not package spinach for consumers, instead distributing it in bulk to processors who repackage it as their own, and so only the processors were notified of the recall on December 31.
Microbiologist Phyllis Entis first brought the situation to attention on her website,
eFoodAlert, the day after the FDA published its information. She criticized the FDA, saying she could not understand the rationale behind not notifying the public of a Class I recall. The next day, Food Safety News ran a story of its own,
"Big Spinach Recall with No Public Notice."

It's unclear how many processors received the spinach, or how much of it made it to the supermarket and restaurant kitchens. What is known, however, is that it had passed its "best-by" date before Tiro Tres' sample tests came back positive and processors were notified. Tiro Tres had distributed this batch to processors in Colorado, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Ontario and Quebec.
One processor in Pennsylvania already knew there was a problem. Avon Heights Mushroom had issued an earlier recall to customers based on its own testing. That recall was announced by the FDA on December 23. That spinach had been sold as fresh packaged spinach with a "best-by" date of December 16 under the brand names Krisp Pak, Better Brands" and Avon Heights Select.
Given that Avon Heights' recall occurred a full eight days before Tiro Tres announced a voluntary recall to other processors, it's possible that Avon's tests prompted Tiro Tres to test.
In
an interview with Fresh Cut Magazine, the owner of Tiro Tres Farms said that Avon's contaminated spinach was linked to a 27,600-pound batch, while the remaining spinach appeared to have been recalled out of caution. After inspecting Avon Heights' facility and spending three days at Tiro Tres, FDA officials could not find a source for the contamination.
No Public Benefit?
When asked why the FDA didn't publicize the Tiro Tres recall, the agency told Food Safety News that it would not have benefitted the public, considering that the spinach was well past its expiration date and was only sent to processors. It would have been up to the processors such as Avon Heights, it seems, to issue a recall to consumers if they thought it was necessary.

According to the FDA's Regulatory Procedures Manual, "It is FDA's policy that press releases are issued for Class I recalls unless specific circumstances indicate that a press release would not be beneficial to the public."

Entis didn't buy it.

"[The U.S. Department of Agriculture], to its credit, notifies the public of any Class I recall [in their jurisdiction], even when the food just goes to food service or institutions. They don't use that excuse," she told Food Safety News. "I don't understand why the FDA does not do the same."

Entis added that with most contemporary pathogens tests returning results in 24 to 48 hours, she does not understand why a farm would be running tests that would not produce results until after their product had shipped out to processors, let alone expired.
Produce industry expert Jim Prevor disagreed with Entis, saying the FDA's move was justified. In a response to the situation on his website,
Perishable Pundit, he argued against announcing recalls of products that don't go directly to consumers, saying nondisclosure was the responsible path. Based on the information available at the time, Prevor said that one could assume that the spinach did not reach any customers.

 "When should consumers be notified? Generally speaking, it comes down to one thing and one thing only: Is the product in the hands of a consumer? If it is, then they should issue a public recall," he told Food Safety News.

Prevor noted that recalls affect sales for the entire industry of the food in question, not just the one producer with a contaminated shipment. When the FDA warned the public specifically not to eat Rocky Ford-brand cantaloupes from Colorado in the 2011 cantaloupe Listeria outbreak, cantaloupe farmers' profits suffered across the board. Announcing a big spinach recall, however specific, can hurt sales for all spinach growers. 

Even then, for any spinach that might have made it to the store, the fact that the contaminated batch was already well-past its expiration date made slim prospects for catching any leftover product.

"Sometimes things are learned very late in the process, and as a result, the product is so old that it couldn't possibly still be out there to be eaten," Prevor said. "In those situations, the FDA will decide there's nothing to be gained by notifying the public. It's not that it's not announced -- all these things are announced to processors -- they're just not promoted to consumers."
Testing to Check Practices, Not to Protect Consumers

But why test for pathogens if the results don't come back until after the expiration date?

As Prevor explained, the primary purpose of pathogen testing on farms is not to protect consumers, but to make sure that the farm's practices are generally safe over time. Contamination events can be so localized that random testing will never catch every bug, he said, and anything more than random testing becomes too costly for most operations.

"Let's say we have a field of spinach with 200 million spinach leaves. If we went through and randomly picked a few to test, we might get negative tests on all, but there might be a thousand leaves in the field that are positive. To test them all, we'd have to charge $200 for a bag of spinach," he said. "There's no way to guarantee everything is 100 percent safe. If you think that's unacceptable, you're asking that we only sell cooked spinach."

Entis agreed that absolute guarantees for food safety were impossible and pathogens tests on farms were largely meant to monitor consistency in food safety, but she emphasized that a positive test result is never something to ignore.

"Speaking as a microbiologist, finding a pathogen via random testing is so difficult that when you do find one, you know you've got a problem," Entis said. "It's not a theoretical problem. It doesn't matter if someone got sick or not. If the problem is not corrected, it's only going to get worse. We've seen this happen over and over again."

While she also agreed that not all recalls needed publicizing, Entis argued in favor of greater public disclosure for the sake of better scrutiny. If companies have repeated contaminations and recalls, for example, people should have the right to know they could be dealing with an unreliable product.

"I think consumers have a right to know if a company has processed and shipped a product that turned out to be contaminated with a deadly pathogen," she said. "Try to protect the consumer so they can choose if they want to support that product in the future. How else are we supposed to become informed consumers who make informed decisions?"

Following the attention the big spinach recall received, Entis decided to look back through the last four months of FDA enforcement reports for any other unannounced Class I recalls. She
found six such recalls described in enforcement reports since November 2011.
That revelation did not surprise Prevor, who said the FDA takes a number of precautions into account before announcing recalls.

"There are a lot of different values here that have to be balanced," Prevor said. "One value -- without a doubt -- is safe food. But we also don't want broke farmers and people in a panic when they're not at risk, either."
Test and Hold to be Safe

Some farms, however, have taken it upon themselves to test and hold produce before shipping anything out.

Since transforming its food safety program in 2006, California-based Earthbound Farms has become an industry leader in foodborne illness prevention. Earthbound was involved in the 2006 E. coli O157:H7 outbreak in spinach that sickened over 200 people across 26 states and Canada and killed five.

Following the 2006 outbreak, Earthbound decided to adopt a preventative strategy for spinach and other higher-risk produce. Instead of performing random testing, they now test a sample from each pallet they ship, holding the product for 12 to 16 hours until they receive a result.

According to Will Daniels, Earthbound's senior vice president of food safety, the farm's detection system will catch 99.99 percent of E. coli, Salmonella or Shigella passing through its various testing hurdles. Simply put, they have refused to be involved with any more illnesses.

Daniels said paying for their proprietary testing system, holding space, upgraded equipment and a scientific advisory panel ends up costing roughly three additional cents per bag of spinach. The bottom line, however, outweighs any cuts to profits:

"After 2006, we knew we needed to do more," he said. "We're in the business of healthy food and healthy food doesn't carry pathogens that make people sick. This is just the right thing to do."

Like Prevor and Entis, Daniels agreed that random sampling cannot be trusted to prevent foodborne illness outbreaks. But no other farms have yet adopted the test-and-hold method to the extent of Earthbound. Implementing such an extensive system takes time and money, and beyond that, doggedness.

"Contamination is highly sporadic -- it's in one little tiny section of a field when the rest is clean," Daniels said. "When we started doing this, the criticism was, 'You're looking for a needle in a haystack.' But here we are, five years into it, and we are catching contamination and preventing it from going into our processing stream."

Earthbound detects contamination on approximately 0.15 percent of its produce -- 3,000 pounds out of the 2 million it ships each week. Whenever a contamination is detected, not only is the produce saved from potentially harming customers, but the situation gives Earthbound technicians an opportunity to study how the contamination occurred and remedy it. They have amassed a lot of their field lessons into a database of information on how pathogens behave on produce.

"Those people who criticized our program for its vigor back in 2006 are now asking me for the data," Daniels said. "From our perspective, we have lots of great evidence that suggests our program is viable. We're committed to it. We won't back away from it."

As for when recalls should be made public, Daniels kept his viewpoint uncharacteristically simple:

"If the consuming public is at risk of illness," he said, "they should be made aware."

------
Thanks to Daniel B. Cohen for contributing his knowledge of the produce industry. Photo of Will Daniels courtesy Earthbound Farms.






27.02.2012 19:15:40
Health Canada is reviewing a new multiple sclerosis drug, sold under the brand name Gilenya, that has been linked to 11 deaths outside the country.



28.02.2012 21:13:23
The FDA raised safety concerns about the popular class of cholesterol-fighting drugs. The drugs have been taken for years by tens of millions of people and include brand names such as Lipitor and Crestor.



27.02.2012 20:07:49
Maker of Emergen-C®, #1 U.S. Vitamin C brand, expands Pfizer's vitamin and dietary supplement business NEW YORK--(BUSINESS WIRE --Feb 27, 2012 - Pfizer Inc. (NYSE:PFE today announced the acquisition of privately-held Alacer Corp., the maker and...



25.02.2012 10:27:23
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